Calculating Social Vulnerability Index by ZIP Code

A paper by Ng, Zhang and Kowal (2025) use the American Community Survey (ACS) data from 2016–2022 were used to construct Social Vulnerability Index (SVI).  SVI is calculated from 16 social determinants of health (SDoH) variables that are grouped into 4 themes: socioeconomic status, household characteristics, racial and ethnic minority status, and housing type &…

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Optum Rx Invokes Open Meetings Law To Fight Kentucky Counties on Opioid Suits

UnitedHealth Group’s multibillion-dollar pharmacy benefit manager, Optum Rx, is suing five Kentucky counties in an attempt to force them out of national opioid litigation against the company. Pharmacy benefit managers, often called PBMs, act as middlemen that negotiate prescription drug prices between drug companies, insurance plans, and pharmacies. Some lawyers and advocates say PBMs helped…

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